The advantages of ferrous fumarate as a feed additive
Ferrous fumarate is absorbed in the duodenum and upper jejunum in the form of ferrous ions in animals. Most of the absorbed iron participates in the synthesis of hemoglobin in the bone marrow, the rest is stored in the reticuloendothelial cells of the bone marrow, liver and spleen in the form of ferritin and hemosiderin, and another part exists in the intestinal mucosal cells. The excretion route of iron is mainly the intestinal tract and skin, and a small amount is also excreted in urine and sweat glands. Most of the iron is available for reuse when the hemoglobin molecule is broken down and released.
Ferrous sulfate, a commonly used feed additive , is prone to deliquescence and agglomeration, and must be dried before processing; and ferrous sulfate is unstable, and is easily oxidized to ferric iron that is not easily absorbed and utilized by animals during processing and storage; at the same time, due to its hygroscopicity And reducing, it is easy to cause damage to some vitamins and other ingredients in the feed, which requires excessive addition of vitamins and other nutrients, thereby increasing the cost of feed manufacturers, farms, and households.
Iron supplementation for newborn piglets can take ferrous sulfate or ferrous chloride orally, but the effect is not ideal, and iron supplementation is mostly used by injection (such as iron drill needle, iron dextran, etc.), although iron supplementation by injection can effectively prevent breastfeeding. Iron-deficiency anemia in piglets, but this method is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and there are disadvantages such as inconvenient operation and easy to cause stress. Adding ferrous fumarate to the feed of sows before and after two or three weeks can achieve the same effect as injecting iron preparations to piglets to prevent anemia in good pigs, but it relatively avoids the time-consuming and laborious injection of iron supplements , Inconvenient operation and other defects, thereby reducing the labor intensity of workers and improving work efficiency.
Because ferrous sulfate and other inorganic salts are easily oxidized from Fe2+ to Fe2+ that cannot be absorbed by animals in the feed manufacturing, transportation process and animal digestive tract, resulting in burden on the body and waste of resources, while ferrous fumarate and chelated iron Ferrous ions are relatively stable, not easy to be oxidized into ferric ions, and its absorption and utilization rate is high, and the serum iron rises quickly and is very stable, so that the pig's fur is rosy, smooth and shiny, and diarrhea is significantly reduced.
SO42- in ferrous sulfate is a strong acid ion, which is neither a nutrient nor a metabolite. Its existence will interfere or even destroy the acid-base balance in the body, making the body grow poorly, and the fumarate in ferrous fumarate Ions can participate in the tricarboxylic acid cycle to form ATP for the body's metabolism, or as a carbon frame to synthesize amino acids and further synthesize body proteins. Organic iron can be directly and effectively deposited in protein, which can reduce the rate of poultry egg shell breaking and improve the color of egg yolk.
Ferrous fumarate can improve the reproductive performance of breeding stock, reduce dead piglets, increase weaning litter weight, prevent piglet anemia, and increase the survival rate of weaned piglets. Phytic acid, oxalic acid, phosphate, tannin, cellulose, etc. contained in the diet often hinder the absorption of inorganic trace elements, thereby reducing the biological potency of trace elements. Organic trace elements relatively avoid the influence of phytic acid, oxalic acid, phosphate, tannin, cellulose and other factors contained in the diet.
The relationship between inorganic trace elements is complex, and the antagonism between elements will lead to a decrease in the utilization rate of trace elements on the one hand; on the other hand, the increase in the amount of one trace element will require a corresponding increase in the amount of other trace elements, which will inevitably lead to waste of resources and environmental pollution. Organic trace elements are green and environment-friendly products with high biological value, relatively small amount of addition, and high absorption and utilization rate, so the discharge of trace elements is small, reducing environmental pollution.
