How to use vitamin feed additives reasonably
Vitamins are catalysts for biochemical reactions and metabolism of animals, and are an indispensable micronutrient for maintaining normal physiological functions and normal growth and development of animals. The lack of vitamins in animals will have obvious adverse consequences for growth and development. Therefore, vitamins must be added to the daily feed for the body's needs.
1. Determination of vitamin feed standards. The vitamin feeding standard is the requirement value of various vitamins for animals. The NRC (National Research Council) standard is the minimum requirement for vitamins in animals to prevent apparent vitamin deficiencies. The optimal requirement of animal vitamins formulated by some professional vitamin manufacturers such as Roche refers to the amount of addition to enable animals to obtain optimal health and production performance. The optimal vitamin requirement of Roche is generally several times to dozens of times higher than the NRC standard. Therefore, when designing and applying vitamin additives, the feeding standard of vitamins should be reasonably determined, which is generally higher than the NRC standard. Roche can be used when conditions permit. Best demand criteria. It is necessary to consider the influence of various factors such as feed variety, animal health status, feeding environment, formula cost, storage time, etc., and master it flexibly and scientifically to meet the greatest needs of animal growth and development as much as possible. Especially in stressed animals, the vitamin level of the feed should be increased.
2. Appropriate excess application. Most of the vitamins are not stable, and it is easy to cause losses and lower titers during the processing and storage of feeds. In order to ensure that the animals eat enough vitamins, they should generally be added in excess.
3. Choose a vitamin preparation . At present, there are single vitamins and multivitamin premixes in vitamin preparations. When applying, it can be determined whether to premix multiple single vitamins by yourself or purchase multiple premixes according to the actual situation. Small production units use more multivitamin premixes. Because the detection and quality judgment of vitamins are more complicated, the products of professional manufacturers with good reputation should be selected.
4. Pay attention to the effective content, potency and stability of vitamins. Most of the commercial vitamins on the market are not pure and 100% potency vitamins. Therefore, when purchasing and applying vitamins, attention should be paid to their effective content and potency, and they should be converted reasonably. Different forms of the same type of vitamin have different stability. For example, vitamin A palmitate is more stable than vitamin A alcohol, and vitamin E acetate is more stable than vitamin E alcohol. Therefore, in practical applications, stable vitamins should be used as much as possible.
5. Note the independent addition of choline and vitamin C. Since choline and vitamin C are easy to absorb moisture and destroy other vitamins, they are generally not premixed with other vitamins, and then added independently when used. Most of the multi-dimensional preparations on the market also do not contain choline and vitamin C. If multi-dimensional preparations are selected and used, it should be noted that appropriate amounts of choline and vitamin C should be added independently according to the feeding standards during application.
6. Flexible adjustment according to the actual situation. The feeding standards of vitamins should not be static, but should be flexibly adjusted according to the actual formula variety, feeding environment, weather and seasons, etc., to ensure that animals need vitamins under actual conditions and maintain a good state and production performance. For example, in the feed of laying hens with high calcium and phosphorus, the levels of vitamin A and vitamin D should be appropriately increased to improve the absorption and utilization of calcium and phosphorus.
7. Necessary dilution and preservation. Due to the small amount of vitamins, in addition, they may react with each other and with other additives to destroy the potency. Therefore, it is best to dilute to a larger multiple before application, reduce the concentration, and then premix with other vitamins and additives. Especially when premixing with choline, trace elements and acid-base additives, dilution should be done to ensure better mixing uniformity and higher potency. A common carrier for vitamin dilution and premixing is defatted cornstarch. Vitamin products are more sensitive to external factors such as light and heat, and are prone to failure. Therefore, they should generally be stored in a low temperature, airtight, and dry environment. It should be used as soon as possible after opening, and the shelf life should generally not exceed 1 month.
